Kukwaniritsa Kutsata kwa NIST Mumtambo: Njira ndi Malingaliro
Kuyenda panjira yotsatirira mu digito ndizovuta zomwe mabungwe amakono amakumana nazo, makamaka pokhudzana ndi National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework.
Maupangiri oyambirawa akuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse bwino za NIST Kutetezeka Framework ndi momwe mungakwaniritsire kutsatira NIST mumtambo. Tiyeni tidumphe mkati.
Kodi NIST Cybersecurity Framework ndi chiyani?
NIST Cybersecurity Framework imapereka chidule cha mabungwe kuti apange ndikuwongolera mapulogalamu awo owongolera ziwopsezo za cybersecurity. Imapangidwa kuti ikhale yosinthika, yopangidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito ndi njira zowerengera zosowa zapadera za bungwe lililonse pachitetezo cha pa intaneti.
Framework ili ndi magawo atatu - Core, Implementation Tiers, ndi Profiles. Nayi chidule cha chilichonse:
Framework Core
Framework Core imaphatikizapo Ntchito zisanu zofunika kuti apereke dongosolo lothandizira kuthana ndi zoopsa za cybersecurity:
- Dziwani: Zimakhudza kupanga ndi kulimbikitsa a ndondomeko ya cybersecurity zomwe zikuwonetsa kuopsa kwa cybersecurity ya bungwe, njira zopewera ndikuwongolera ma cyberattack, komanso maudindo ndi maudindo a anthu omwe ali ndi mwayi wopeza zidziwitso zodziwika bwino za bungwe.
- Tetezani: Kuphatikizira kupanga ndikukhazikitsa nthawi zonse dongosolo lachitetezo chokwanira kuti muchepetse chiwopsezo chachitetezo cha cybersecurity. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo maphunziro a cybersecurity, kuwongolera kolowera, kubisa, kuyezetsa magazi, ndi kukonzanso mapulogalamu.
- Dziwani: Kuphatikizira kupanga ndikukhazikitsa nthawi zonse zoyenera kuti muzindikire kuwukira kwa cybersecurity mwachangu momwe mungathere.
- Yankhani: Kuphatikizira kupanga dongosolo lathunthu lofotokoza zomwe muyenera kuchita pakachitika chiwembu cha cybersecurity.
- Bwezeretsani: Kuphatikizira kupanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito zoyenera kuti zibwezeretse zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi zomwe zachitika, kukonza njira zachitetezo, ndikupitilizabe kuteteza motsutsana ndi ziwopsezo za cybersecurity.
M'kati mwa Ntchitozi muli Magulu omwe amatchula zochitika zachitetezo cha pa intaneti, Magawo ang'onoang'ono omwe amagawa zochitikazo kukhala zotsatira zenizeni, ndi Maupangiri Odziwitsa omwe amapereka zitsanzo zothandiza pa Gawo lililonse.
Magawo Okhazikitsa Framework
Framework Implementation Tiers ikuwonetsa momwe bungwe limawonera ndikuwongolera zoopsa za cybersecurity. Pali magawo anayi:
- Gawo 1: Gawo: Kuzindikira pang'ono ndikukhazikitsa kasamalidwe ka chiwopsezo cha cybersecurity pazochitika ndi milandu.
- Gawo 2: Kudziwitsidwa Zowopsa: Kudziwitsa za ngozi za cybersecurity ndi machitidwe oyang'anira zilipo koma sizokhazikika.
- Gawo 3: Zobwerezedwa: Ndondomeko zoyendetsera ziwopsezo zamakampani padziko lonse lapansi ndikuzisintha pafupipafupi kutengera kusintha kwamabizinesi ndi momwe amawopseza.
- Gawo 4: Zosintha: Amazindikira mwachangu ndikulosera zowopseza ndikusintha machitidwe achitetezo pa intaneti kutengera zomwe gulu likuchita m'mbuyomu ndi zomwe zikuchitika pano komanso kusintha ziwopsezo za cybersecurity, ukadaulo, ndi machitidwe.
Mbiri ya Framework
Mbiri ya Framework imafotokoza za mgwirizano wa bungwe ndi zolinga zake zamabizinesi, kulolerana kwa ziwopsezo za cybersecurity, ndi zothandizira. Ma Profile atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza momwe akuwongolera komanso momwe akuwongolera cybersecurity.
Mbiri Yapano ikuwonetsa momwe bungwe likuyendetsera ziwopsezo za cybersecurity, pomwe Target Profile imafotokoza zotsatira zomwe bungwe likufunika kukwaniritsa zolinga zowongolera ziwopsezo za cybersecurity.
Kutsata kwa NIST mu Cloud vs. On-Premise Systems
Ngakhale NIST Cybersecurity Framework itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamaukadaulo onse, mtambo kompyuta ndi wapadera. Tiyeni tiwone zifukwa zingapo zomwe kutsata kwa NIST mumtambo kumasiyana ndi miyambo yapamalo:
Udindo wa Chitetezo
Ndi machitidwe achikhalidwe pa malo, wogwiritsa ntchito ali ndi udindo wa chitetezo chonse. Mu computing cloud, maudindo a chitetezo amagawidwa pakati pa cloud service provider (CSP) ndi wogwiritsa ntchito.
Kotero, pamene CSP imayang'anira chitetezo "cha" mtambo (mwachitsanzo, ma seva akuthupi, zomangamanga), wogwiritsa ntchito ali ndi udindo wa chitetezo "mu" mtambo (mwachitsanzo, deta, mapulogalamu, kasamalidwe kofikira).
Izi zikusintha dongosolo la NIST Framework, chifukwa zimafuna dongosolo lomwe limaganizira mbali zonse ziwiri ndikudalira kasamalidwe ka chitetezo ndi dongosolo la CSP ndi kuthekera kwake kusungabe kutsatira kwa NIST.
Malo a Data
M'machitidwe achikhalidwe omwe ali pamalopo, bungwe limakhala ndi ulamuliro wathunthu pazomwe zimasungidwa. Mosiyana ndi izi, deta yamtambo imatha kusungidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zofunikira zotsatiridwa motsatira malamulo am'deralo. Mabungwe akuyenera kuganizira izi akamasunga malamulo a NIST mumtambo.
Scalability ndi Elasticity
Mapangidwe amtambo adapangidwa kuti akhale osinthika kwambiri komanso otanuka. Kusunthika kwa mtambo kumatanthauza kuti zowongolera zachitetezo ndi ndondomeko ziyeneranso kukhala zosinthika komanso zokhazikika, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsata kwa NIST mumtambo kukhala ntchito yovuta kwambiri.
Multitenancy
Mumtambo, CSP ikhoza kusunga deta kuchokera kumabungwe ambiri (multitenancy) mu seva yomweyo. Ngakhale izi ndizofala kwa ma seva amtambo wapagulu, zimabweretsa zoopsa zowonjezera komanso zovuta kuti mukhalebe otetezeka komanso omvera.
Mitundu ya Cloud Service
Kugawidwa kwa maudindo a chitetezo kumasintha malingana ndi mtundu wa utumiki wamtambo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito - Infrastructure as Service (IaaS), Platform as Service (PaaS), kapena Software as a Service (SaaS). Izi zimakhudza momwe bungwe limagwiritsira ntchito Framework.
Njira Zokwaniritsa Kutsata kwa NIST mumtambo
Poganizira zapadera za cloud computing, mabungwe akuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zenizeni kuti akwaniritse kutsatira NIST. Nawu mndandanda wanjira zothandizira bungwe lanu kuti lifike ndikutsatira ndondomeko ya NIST Cybersecurity Framework:
1. Mvetserani Udindo Wanu
Siyanitsani ntchito za CSP ndi zanu. Nthawi zambiri, ma CSP amayang'anira chitetezo chazinthu zamtambo pomwe mukuwongolera deta yanu, kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.
2. Chitani Mayeso Okhazikika a Chitetezo
Nthawi ndi nthawi yesani chitetezo chanu chamtambo kuti muwone zomwe zingatheke zovuta. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zoperekedwa ndi CSP yanu ndikuganiziranso zowerengera za chipani chachitatu kuti ziwoneke mopanda tsankho.
3. Tetezani Zambiri
Gwiritsirani ntchito ma protocol amphamvu a encryption pa data mukamapuma komanso podutsa. Kuwongolera koyenera ndikofunikira kuti mupewe mwayi wosaloledwa. Muyeneranso kukhazikitsa VPN ndi ma firewall kuti muwonjezere chitetezo cha intaneti yanu.
4. Kukhazikitsa Ma Protocol a Robust Identity and Access Management (IAM).
Machitidwe a IAM, monga kutsimikizika kwazinthu zambiri (MFA), amakulolani kuti mupereke mwayi wodziwa zofunikira ndikuletsa ogwiritsa ntchito osaloledwa kulowa pulogalamu yanu ndi zipangizo zanu.
5. Yang'anirani mosalekeza Chiwopsezo Chanu pa Cybersecurity
popezera mpata Machitidwe a Information Security and Event Management (SIEM). ndi Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) kuti aziwunika mosalekeza. Zida izi zimakupatsani mwayi woyankha mwachangu ku zidziwitso zilizonse kapena kuphwanya.
6. Konzani Dongosolo Loyankhira Zochitika
Pangani dongosolo lodziwika bwino loyankha zomwe zachitika ndikuwonetsetsa kuti gulu lanu likudziwa bwino zomwe zikuchitika. Onetsetsani nthawi zonse ndikuyesa ndondomekoyi kuti muwonetsetse kuti ikugwira ntchito.
7. Kuchita Zofufuza Nthawi Zonse ndi Ndemanga
Chitani kuwunika kwachitetezo pafupipafupi motsutsana ndi miyezo ya NIST ndikusintha ndondomeko ndi ndondomeko zanu moyenera. Izi zidzaonetsetsa kuti chitetezo chanu ndi chaposachedwa komanso chothandiza.
8. Phunzitsani Ogwira Ntchito
Konzekeretsani gulu lanu ndi chidziwitso chofunikira ndi luso panjira zabwino kwambiri zachitetezo chamtambo komanso kufunikira kwa kutsatira NIST.
9. Gwirizanani ndi CSP Yanu Nthawi Zonse
Lumikizanani ndi CSP yanu pafupipafupi za machitidwe awo achitetezo ndikuganizira zina zowonjezera zachitetezo zomwe angakhale nazo.
10. Lembani Zolemba Zonse za Cloud Security
Sungani zolemba mosamala za ndondomeko zonse zokhudzana ndi chitetezo chamtambo, ndondomeko, ndi ndondomeko. Izi zitha kuthandizira kuwonetsa kutsata kwa NIST panthawi yowunikira.
Leveraging HailBytes for NIST Compliance in the Cloud
pamene kutsatira NIST Cybersecurity Framework ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera ndikuwongolera zoopsa za cybersecurity, kukwaniritsa kutsatira kwa NIST pamtambo kungakhale kovuta. Mwamwayi, simuyenera kuthana ndi zovuta za cloud cybersecurity ndi kutsatira NIST nokha.
Monga akatswiri mu cloud security infrastructure, HailBytes ali pano kuti athandize bungwe lanu kukwaniritsa ndi kusunga malamulo a NIST. Timapereka zida, ntchito, ndi maphunziro kuti mulimbikitse kaimidwe kanu ka cybersecurity.
Cholinga chathu ndikupangitsa kuti pulogalamu yachitetezo yotsegula ikhale yosavuta kukhazikitsa komanso yovuta kulowa. HailBytes imapereka mndandanda wa Zogulitsa pa cybersecurity pa AWS kuthandiza bungwe lanu kukonza chitetezo chamtambo. Timaperekanso zida zophunzitsira zaulere za cybersecurity kuti zikuthandizeni inu ndi gulu lanu kumvetsetsa zachitetezo komanso kasamalidwe ka zoopsa.
Author
Zach Norton ndi katswiri wotsatsa malonda a digito komanso wolemba katswiri pa Pentest-Tools.com, yemwe ali ndi zaka zambiri pachitetezo cha cybersecurity, kulemba, komanso kupanga zinthu.
