WHOIS vs RDAP
WHOIS ndi chiyani?
Eni ake awebusayiti ambiri amaphatikiza njira zolumikizirana nawo patsamba lawo. Itha kukhala imelo, adilesi, kapena nambala yafoni. Komabe, ambiri samatero. Kuphatikiza apo, sizinthu zonse zapaintaneti zomwe zili masamba. Nthawi zambiri munthu amafunikira kuchita ntchito yowonjezera pogwiritsa ntchito zida monga myip.ms kapena who.is kuti mupeze zambiri zolembetsa pazinthu izi. Mawebusayitiwa amagwiritsa ntchito protocol yotchedwa WHOIS.
WHOIS yakhala ikuzungulira nthawi yonse yomwe intaneti yakhala, kumbuyo komwe idadziwika kuti ARPANet. Idapangidwa kuti itengedwenso mudziwe za anthu ndi mabungwe pa ARPANET. WHOIS tsopano imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza zambiri zokhudzana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya intaneti ndipo yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kutero kwa zaka makumi anayi zapitazi.
Ngakhale ndondomeko yamakono ya WHOIS, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Port 43 WHOIS, yachita bwino kwambiri panthawiyo, inalinso ndi zofooka zingapo zomwe zimafunika kuwongolera. Kwa zaka zambiri, Internet Corporation For Assigned Names And Numbers, ICANN, inawona zolakwika izi ndipo inazindikira zotsatirazi monga zovuta zazikulu za ndondomeko ya WHOIS:
- Kulephera kutsimikizira ogwiritsa ntchito
- Yang'anani luso lokha, palibe chithandizo chakusaka
- Palibe thandizo lapadziko lonse lapansi
- Palibe mtundu wamafunso ndi mayankho okhazikika
- Palibe njira yodziwika yodziwira seva yomwe ingafunse
- Kulephera kutsimikizira seva kapena kubisa deta pakati pa kasitomala ndi seva.
- Kusowa kwa njira yokhazikika yolondolera kapena kuloza.
Kuti athetse mavutowa, IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force) idapanga RDAP.
Kodi RDAP ndi chiyani?
RDAP(Registry Data Access Protocol) ndi njira yofunsira mafunso ndi mayankho yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza zolembetsa zapaintaneti kuchokera ku Domain Name Registries ndi Regional Internet Registries. IETF idapanga kuti ithetse mavuto onse omwe ali mu protocol ya Port 43 WHOIS.
Chimodzi mwazosiyana kwambiri pakati pa RDAP ndi Port 43 WHOIS ndikuperekedwa kwa funso lokhazikika komanso lokhazikika komanso mawonekedwe oyankha. Mayankho a RDAP ali mkati JSON, odziwika bwino kusamutsa deta ndi kusunga mawonekedwe. Izi ndizosiyana ndi protocol ya WHOIS, yomwe mayankho ake ali m'mawu.
Ngakhale JSON siyiwerengeka ngati zolemba, ndizosavuta kuphatikiza ndi mautumiki ena, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yosinthika kuposa WHOIS. Chifukwa cha izi, RDAP ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa mosavuta patsamba kapena ngati chida cha mzere wolamula.
Kukwezedwa kwa API:
Kusiyana Pakati pa RDAP Ndi WHOIS
Pansipa pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa protocol ya RDAP ndi WHOIS:
Mafunso Okhazikika Ndi Mayankho: RDAP ndi protocol ya RESTful yomwe imalola zopempha za HTTP. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kupereka mayankho omwe akuphatikiza ma code olakwika, chizindikiritso cha ogwiritsa ntchito, kutsimikizira, ndi kuwongolera njira. Imaperekanso mayankho ake ku JSON, monga tanena kale.
Kupeza Kwapadera Kwa Data Yolembetsa: Chifukwa RDAP ndi RESTful, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutchula magawo osiyanasiyana ofikira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ogwiritsa ntchito osadziwika akhoza kupatsidwa mwayi wochepa, pamene olembetsa amapatsidwa mwayi wonse.
Thandizo Logwiritsa Ntchito Padziko Lonse: Omvera apadziko lonse lapansi sanaganizidwe pomwe WHOIS idamangidwa. Chifukwa cha izi, ma seva ndi makasitomala ambiri a WHOIS adagwiritsa ntchito US-ASCII ndipo sanaganizire za chithandizo chapadziko lonse lapansi mpaka mtsogolo. Zili kwa kasitomala wofunsira kugwiritsa ntchito protocol ya WHOIS kuti amasulira chilichonse. RDAP, kumbali ina, ili ndi chithandizo chapadziko lonse lapansi chomwe chapangidwiramo.
Thandizo la Bootstrap: RDAP imathandizira bootstrapping, kulola kuti mafunso atumizidwenso ku seva yovomerezeka ngati zomwe zili zofunika sizikupezeka pa seva yoyamba yofunsidwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kufufuza kwakukulu kuchitidwe. Machitidwe a WHOIS alibe chidziwitso cholumikizidwa mwanjira imeneyi, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa deta yomwe ingabwezedwe kuchokera ku funso.
Ngakhale RDAP idapangidwa kuti ithetse mavutowa ndi WHOIS (ndipo mwina m'malo mwake tsiku lina), Internet Corporation for Mayina ndi Nambala Opatsidwa imangofunika olembetsa a gTLD ndi olembetsa ovomerezeka kuti agwiritse ntchito RDAP pamodzi ndi WHOIS osati m'malo mwake.
