Adilesi ya IP ndi manambala omwe amaperekedwa ku zida zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito netiweki yamakompyuta. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira ndi kupeza zida izi pamaneti.
Chida chilichonse chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi intaneti chimakhala ndi adilesi yakeyake ya IP. Mu positi iyi ya blog, tikambirana chilichonse chomwe mungafune muyenera kudziwa za ma adilesi a IP! Tidzawona momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, momwe amagawidwira, ndi mitundu ina ya ma adilesi a IP omwe alipo. Khalani tcheru kuti mumve zambiri mudziwe!
Maadiresi a IP amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa intaneti. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira zida pa netiweki ndikuzipeza kuti deta itumizidwe moyenera. Popanda ma adilesi a IP, zingakhale zovuta kupeza mtundu uliwonse wa data kuchokera kumalo amodzi kupita kwina pa intaneti!
Ndi mitundu yanji ya adilesi ya IP yomwe ilipo?
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya ma adilesi a IP: ma adilesi a IPv(Internet Protocol Version) ndi ma adilesi a MAC (Media Access Control).
Maadiresi a IPv ndiye mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wa adilesi ya IP. Amapatsidwa zida ndi oyang'anira maukonde ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira zida pamaneti. Ma adilesi a MAC, kumbali ina, amaperekedwa ndi opanga ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira mwapadera chipangizo china.
Ndi mitundu yanji ya ma adilesi a IPv omwe alipo?
Maadiresi a IPv amabwera m'mitundu iwiri yosiyana: static ndi dynamic. Maadiresi a IP okhazikika ndi okhazikika ndipo sasintha. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa ma seva kapena zida zomwe zimafunika kufikika pafupipafupi pa adilesi inayake. Ma adilesi amphamvu a IP, kumbali ina, amatha kusintha pakapita nthawi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimangochitika zokha ndi seva ya DHCP pomwe chipangizo chikalumikizana ndi netiweki.
Ndi mitundu yanji ya ma adilesi a MAC alipo?
Palinso mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya ma adilesi a MAC: unicast ndi multicast. Maadiresi a Unicast MAC amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira chipangizo chimodzi pa intaneti. Ma adilesi a Multicast MAC, kumbali ina, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira gulu la zida.
Ndizo zonse pakadali pano! Tikukhulupirira kuti positi iyi yakuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse bwino adilesi ya IP ndi momwe imagwirira ntchito. Khalani tcheru kuti mudziwe zambiri zamanetiweki muzolemba zamtsogolo! Zikomo powerenga!
