Kukula Kwa Hacktivism | Kodi Zotsatira Za Cybersecurity Ndi Chiyani?
Introduction
Ndi kukwera kwa intaneti, anthu apeza njira yatsopano yolimbikitsira - hacktivism. Hacktivism ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo kulimbikitsa ndale kapena chikhalidwe cha anthu. Ngakhale kuti ena ochita zachinyengo amachita zinthu mogwirizana ndi zifukwa zinazake, ena amachita nawo cybervandalism, yomwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kuwononga dala kapena kusokoneza makompyuta.
Gulu la Anonymous ndi limodzi mwa magulu odziwika bwino a hacktivist. Iwo akhala akutenga nawo mbali pamakampeni odziwika bwino, monga Operation Payback (yankho ku zoyeserera zolimbana ndi piracy) ndi Operation Aurora (kampeni yolimbana ndi ukazitape wa boma la China).
Ngakhale kuti hacktivism ingagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino, ikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoipa. Mwachitsanzo, magulu ena a hacktivist adaukira zida zofunikira, monga magetsi ndi malo opangira madzi. Izi zitha kukhala zowopseza kwambiri chitetezo cha anthu. Kuphatikiza apo, cybervandalism imatha kuwononga chuma ndikusokoneza ntchito zofunika.
Kuwonjezeka kwa hacktivism kwadzetsa nkhawa cybersecurity. Mabungwe ambiri tsopano akuika ndalama pachitetezo kuti ateteze machitidwe awo kuti asawukidwe. Komabe, ndizovuta kuteteza kwathunthu kwa osokoneza otsimikiza komanso aluso. Malingana ngati pali anthu omwe ali okonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito luso lawo pazinthu zandale kapena zachitukuko, hacktivism idzakhalabe yowopsya ku cybersecurity.
Zitsanzo Za Hacktivism M'zaka Zaposachedwa
Chisankho cha Purezidenti waku US cha 2016
Pa chisankho cha pulezidenti wa 2016 ku United States, magulu angapo a hacktivist anaukira masamba a kampeni a onse awiri - Hillary Clinton ndi Donald Trump. Webusayiti ya kampeni ya Clinton idakhudzidwa ndi chiwopsezo chokana ntchito (DDoS), chomwe chidalemetsa seva ndi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ndikupangitsa kuti iwonongeke. Webusaiti ya kampeni ya Trump idakhudzidwanso ndi kuukira kwa DDoS, koma idatha kukhalabe pa intaneti chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito Cloudflare, ntchito yomwe imateteza ku izi.
Chisankho cha Purezidenti waku France cha 2017
Pa chisankho cha pulezidenti waku France cha 2017, mawebusayiti angapo omwe adasankhidwa adakhudzidwa ndi ziwonetsero za DDoS. Omwe adasankhidwa ndi Emmanuel Macron (yemwe adapambana zisankho), Marine Le Pen, ndi Francois Fillon. Kuphatikiza apo, imelo yabodza yomwe imati ikuchokera ku kampeni ya Macron idatumizidwa kwa atolankhani. Imeloyo idati Macron adagwiritsa ntchito akaunti yakunyanja kuti asakhome misonkho. Komabe, imeloyo pambuyo pake idawululidwa kuti ndi yabodza ndipo sizikudziwika kuti ndani adayambitsa chiwembucho.
WannaCry Ransomware Attack
Mu Meyi 2017, chidutswa cha ransomware chodziwika kuti WannaCry chinayamba kufalikira pa intaneti. The ransomware encrypted owona pamakompyuta omwe ali ndi kachilombo ndipo amafuna dipo kuti awamasulire. WannaCry inali yowononga kwambiri chifukwa idagwiritsa ntchito chiwopsezo mu Microsoft Windows kuti ifalikire mwachangu ndikuwononga makompyuta ambiri.
Kuukira kwa WannaCry kudakhudza makompyuta opitilira 200,000 m'maiko 150. Zinawononga mabiliyoni a madola ndikusokoneza ntchito zofunika, monga zipatala ndi zoyendera. Ngakhale kuti kuukiraku kunkaoneka kuti kunali kosonkhezeredwa makamaka ndi kupindula kwa ndalama, akatswiri ena akukhulupirira kuti mwina kunasonkhezeredwanso ndi ndale. Mwachitsanzo, kumpoto kwa Korea akuimbidwa mlandu kuti ndi amene anayambitsa zigawengazi, ngakhale kuti akukana kuti anachitapo kanthu.
Zomwe Zingatheke Zolimbikitsa Hacktivism
Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zingakhudzire hacktivism, monga magulu osiyanasiyana ali ndi zolinga ndi zolinga zosiyana. Magulu ena a hacktivist atha kusonkhezeredwa ndi zikhulupiriro zandale, pomwe ena amatha kusonkhezeredwa ndi chikhalidwe. Nazi zitsanzo za zomwe zingalimbikitse hacktivism:
Zikhulupiriro Zandale
Magulu ena ochita zachinyengo amachita ziwawa kuti apititse patsogolo zolinga zawo zandale. Mwachitsanzo, gulu la Anonymous laukira mawebusayiti osiyanasiyana aboma potsutsa mfundo za boma zomwe sagwirizana nazo. Achitanso zigawenga motsutsana ndi makampani omwe akukhulupirira kuti akuwononga chilengedwe kapena kuchita zinthu zosayenera.
Zoyambitsa Zamagulu
Magulu ena a hacktivist amayang'ana kwambiri zomwe anthu amakumana nazo, monga ufulu wa nyama kapena ufulu wa anthu. Mwachitsanzo, gulu la LulzSec laukira mawebusayiti omwe amakhulupirira kuti akuyesa kuyesa nyama. Aukiranso mawebusayiti omwe akukhulupirira kuti akuletsa intaneti kapena kuchita zinthu zina zomwe zimaphwanya ufulu wolankhula.
Kupindula Kwachuma
Magulu ena a hacktivist atha kulimbikitsidwa ndi kupindula kwachuma, ngakhale izi sizodziwika kwambiri kuposa zolimbikitsa zina. Mwachitsanzo, gulu la Anonymous laukira PayPal ndi MasterCard potsutsa chisankho chawo chosiya kukonza zopereka ku WikiLeaks. Komabe, magulu ambiri a hacktivist sakuwoneka kuti akukhudzidwa ndi phindu lazachuma.
Kodi Zotsatira Za Hacktivism Pa Cybersecurity Ndi Chiyani?
Hacktivism imatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zingapo pa cybersecurity. Nazi zitsanzo za momwe hacktivism ingakhudzire cybersecurity:
Kuchulukitsa Kudziwitsa Zowopsa za Cybersecurity
Chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri za hacktivism ndikuti imapangitsa kuzindikira zowopseza za cybersecurity. Magulu a Hacktivist nthawi zambiri amayang'ana mawebusayiti ndi mabungwe apamwamba, omwe amatha kubweretsa chidwi ku zovuta kuti amadyera masuku pamutu. Kudziwitsidwa kowonjezereka kumeneku kungapangitse njira zowonjezera chitetezo, popeza mabungwe amazindikira kufunika koteteza maukonde awo.
Kuwonjezeka kwa Mtengo Wachitetezo
Chotsatira china cha hacktivism ndikuti chikhoza kuonjezera ndalama zachitetezo. Mabungwe angafunike kuyikapo ndalama pazinthu zina zachitetezo, monga makina ozindikira kuti alowa kapena ma firewall. Angafunikenso kulemba antchito ambiri kuti awonere maukonde awo ngati akuwukira. Zokwera mtengozi zitha kukhala zolemetsa kwa mabungwe, makamaka mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono.
Kusokonezeka kwa Ntchito Zofunika
Zotsatira zina za hacktivism ndikuti zimatha kusokoneza ntchito zofunika. Mwachitsanzo, kuukira kwa WannaCry kunasokoneza zipatala ndi machitidwe oyendera. Kusokonezeka kumeneku kungayambitse vuto lalikulu komanso ngakhale ngozi kwa anthu omwe amadalira mautumikiwa.
Monga mukuonera, hacktivism ikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana pa cybersecurity. Ngakhale zina mwazotsatirazi ndi zabwino, monga kuzindikira kowonjezereka kwa ziwopsezo za cybersecurity, zina ndi zoyipa, monga kukwera mtengo kwachitetezo kapena kusokoneza ntchito zofunika. Ponseponse, zotsatira za hacktivism pa cybersecurity ndizovuta komanso zovuta kulosera.
